{"id":9485,"date":"2017-01-23T08:00:46","date_gmt":"2017-01-23T07:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?p=9485"},"modified":"2017-04-05T22:14:58","modified_gmt":"2017-04-05T20:14:58","slug":"semaine-04-2017","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/semaine-04-2017","title":{"rendered":"Semaine 04-2017"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Une citation<\/h2>\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0Toutes les grandes personnes ont d&rsquo;abord \u00e9t\u00e9 des enfants, mais peu d&rsquo;entre elles s&rsquo;en souviennent.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>A. de Saint-Exup\u00e9ry<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<h2>Une image<\/h2>\n<figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a rel=lightbox href=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/vaisseaux\/artere_musculaire_colon_lapin-WEB.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"lightbox[9485]\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/vaisseaux\/artere_musculaire_colon_lapin-WEB.jpg\" width=\"300\" alt=\"Quel est cet organe ?\" class=\"size-medium\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Quel est cet organe ?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/images\/albums\/delices-histologiques\/mammifere-adulte\/vaisseaux-sanguins\/artere_musculaire_colon_lapin.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Voir l&rsquo;image de plus grande taille<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/vaisseaux\/artere_musculaire_colon_lapin_legendee-WEB.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Voir l&rsquo;image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;image propos\u00e9e est celle d&rsquo;une coupe histologique observ\u00e9e au microscope photonique au grossissement x400. <\/p>\n<p>Elle repr\u00e9sente une section de forme ovale \u00e0 circulaire poss\u00e9dant une lumi\u00e8re centrale, susceptible de correspondre \u00e0 un organe cylindrique ou sph\u00e9rique creux, coup\u00e9 transversalement.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>La paroi de l&rsquo;organe a une \u00e9paisseur \u00e9quivalente au rayon de la lumi\u00e8re et appara\u00eet constitu\u00e9e, du centre vers la p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie :<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>d&rsquo;une assise continue de cellules plates au contact de la lumi\u00e8re, formant un <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-d-a-h#epithelium\" target=\"_blank\">\u00e9pith\u00e9lium<\/a> ;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>d&rsquo;une fine structure acellulaire ondul\u00e9e ;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>d&rsquo;une tunique relativement \u00e9paisse faite de plusieurs couches de cellules musculaires lisses \u00e0 disposition circulaire, entrelac\u00e9es avec des faisceaux de fibres de collag\u00e8ne appartenant \u00e0 du <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-t-a-z#tissu-conjonctif\" target=\"_blank\">tissu conjonctif<\/a> fibreux ;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>d&rsquo;une seconde fine structure acellulaire ondul\u00e9e plus discr\u00e8te que la premi\u00e8re ;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>de faisceaux de fibres de collag\u00e8ne associ\u00e9es \u00e0 des fibrocytes, constituant du tissu conjonctif fibreux en continuit\u00e9 avec celui de l&rsquo;organe alentour.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Une telle organisation est caract\u00e9ristique des <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#artere\" target=\"_blank\">art\u00e8res<\/a> musculaires de grand diam\u00e8tre, libres ou tissulaires, assurant l&rsquo;irrigation des organes, en l&rsquo;occurrence du c\u00f4lon.<\/p>\n<p>Leur paroi comporte trois tuniques concentriques :<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>au contact du sang, l&rsquo;intima constitu\u00e9e d&rsquo;un <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-d-a-h#endothelium\" target=\"_blank\">endoth\u00e9lium<\/a>, \u00e9pith\u00e9lium simple et pavimenteux, surmontant une fine couche sous-endoth\u00e9liale de tissu conjonctif fibreux ;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>autour de l&rsquo;intima, la m\u00e9dia form\u00e9e de plusieurs couches de fibres musculaires lisses circulaires, associ\u00e9es \u00e0 du tissu conjonctif fibreux, d\u00e9limit\u00e9e par une limitante \u00e9lastique interne sous l&rsquo;intima et une limitante \u00e9lastique externe sur l&rsquo;adventice, se pr\u00e9sentant comme des lames ondul\u00e9es fen\u00eatr\u00e9es ;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>autour de la m\u00e9dia, une \u00e9paisse tunique de tissu conjonctif fibreux se confondant avec le tissu conjonctif fibreux de l&rsquo;organe irrigu\u00e9 dans le cas des art\u00e8res tissulaires, appel\u00e9e adventice.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>En relation avec la constitution de leur paroi, les art\u00e8res de ce type sont qualifi\u00e9es de musculaires.<\/p>\n<p>Elles ont la particularit\u00e9 de poss\u00e9der un diam\u00e8tre variable selon le degr\u00e9 de contraction des fibres musculaires lisses de la m\u00e9dia, et de contribuer ainsi au contr\u00f4le du d\u00e9bit sanguin dans les organes qu&rsquo;elles irriguent.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Pour en savoir plus, consulter :<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>les pages <a href=\"\/codex\/de-lorganisation-interne\/premiers-pas-histologiques\">Premiers pas histologiques<\/a> de Codex virtualis (adresse : http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/de-lorganisation-interne\/premiers-pas-histologiques)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Burkitt H.G., Young B., Heath J.W., 1993 \u2013 Histologie fonctionnelle Wheater. Arnette, 408p. Paris<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Heusser S., Dupuy H.G., 2015 \u2013 Atlas biologie animale. Dunod, 220p. Paris<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une citation \u00ab\u00a0Toutes les grandes personnes ont d&rsquo;abord \u00e9t\u00e9 des enfants, mais peu d&rsquo;entre elles s&rsquo;en souviennent.\u00a0\u00bb A. de Saint-Exup\u00e9ry &nbsp; Une image &nbsp; Voir l&rsquo;image de plus grande taille &nbsp; Voir l&rsquo;image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e &nbsp; L&rsquo;image propos\u00e9e est celle d&rsquo;une coupe histologique observ\u00e9e au microscope photonique au grossissement x400. Elle repr\u00e9sente une section de forme [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[54,14,29,23],"class_list":["post-9485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a-la-une","tag-circulation","tag-histologie","tag-mammifere","tag-observation"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9485","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9485"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9485\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9761,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9485\/revisions\/9761"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}