{"id":8531,"date":"2016-04-25T08:00:45","date_gmt":"2016-04-25T06:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?p=8531"},"modified":"2016-04-07T21:17:34","modified_gmt":"2016-04-07T19:17:34","slug":"semaine-17-2016","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/semaine-17-2016","title":{"rendered":"Semaine 17-2016"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Une citation<\/h2>\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0Qui vit sans folie n&rsquo;est pas si sage qu&rsquo;il croit.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>F. de la Rochefoucauld<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<h2>Une image<\/h2>\n<figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/portumnus_latipes_10_IMGP7686-WEB.JPG\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/documents\/images\/portumnus_latipes_10_IMGP7686-WEB.JPG\" width=\"300\" alt=\"\u00c9trille \u00e9l\u00e9gante\" class \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00c9trille \u00e9l\u00e9gante (Crozon, f\u00e9vrier 2010)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00c9trille \u00e9l\u00e9gante (<em>Portumnus latipes<\/em>) est un animal marin relevant du groupe des Arthropodes malacostrac\u00e9s. Elle appartient plus particuli\u00e8rement \u00e0 la famille des Portunid\u00e9s o\u00f9 elle c\u00f4toie l&rsquo;\u00c9trille et le Crabe vert, ayant respectivement fait l&rsquo;objet des articles des semaines <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-25-2015\">25-2015<\/a> et <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-10-2015\">10-2015<\/a> de Codex virtualis.<\/p>\n<p>Cette esp\u00e8ce fr\u00e9quente la partie inf\u00e9rieure de la zone de balancement des mar\u00e9es, alternativement couverte et d\u00e9couverte par la mer, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 une profondeur de l&rsquo;ordre de 30 m\u00e8tres.<br \/>\nElle est pr\u00e9sente en milieu meuble sableux, en surface ou dans les quinze premiers centim\u00e8tres, s&rsquo;enfouissant notamment \u00e0 mar\u00e9e basse.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00c9trille \u00e9l\u00e9gante est identifi\u00e9e \u00e0 la forme, aux dimensions et \u00e0 la coloration de son corps.<\/p>\n<p>Une <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-#cuticule\" target=\"_blank\">cuticule<\/a> le recouvre, rigide sauf au niveau des articulations o\u00f9 elle est souple.<br \/>\nD&rsquo;un seul tenant dans la r\u00e9gion ant\u00e9rieure, elle enveloppe \u00e0 la fois la <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-t-a-z#tete\" target=\"_blank\">t\u00eate<\/a> et le <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-t-a-z#thorax\" target=\"_blank\">thorax<\/a>, d\u00e9finissant un c\u00e9phalothorax. Allong\u00e9e et grossi\u00e8rement en forme de c\u0153ur, elle pr\u00e9sente de chaque c\u00f4t\u00e9 une succession de cinq pointes.<br \/>\n\u00c0 l&rsquo;avant, les organes sensoriels sont visibles, repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s par deux paires d&rsquo;<a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#antenne\" target=\"_blank\">antennes<\/a> et une paire d&rsquo;<a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-i-a-o#oeil-compose\" target=\"_blank\">yeux<\/a>, ainsi que la bouche associ\u00e9e \u00e0 des <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#appendice\" target=\"_blank\">appendices<\/a> buccaux et localis\u00e9e en position ventrale.<br \/>\nLe thorax porte ventralement cinq paires d&rsquo;appendices. La premi\u00e8re, munie de courtes pinces, correspond \u00e0 des ch\u00e9lip\u00e8des \u00e0 r\u00f4le pr\u00e9hensile. Les quatre suivantes sont termin\u00e9es par un article pointu et plat, portant de nombreuses soies. Parmi elles, la cinqui\u00e8me paire d&rsquo;appendices est particuli\u00e8rement plate et large, formant des palettes natatoires.<br \/>\nLes deuxi\u00e8me \u00e0 cinqui\u00e8me paires d&rsquo;appendices jouent un r\u00f4le locomoteur : elles permettent \u00e0 l&rsquo;animal de marcher et de nager, mais aussi de s&rsquo;enfouir dans le sable.<br \/>\nUn <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#abdomen\" target=\"_blank\">abdomen<\/a> segment\u00e9 est pr\u00e9sent, repli\u00e9 sous le c\u00e9phalothorax.<\/p>\n<p>La carapace c\u00e9phalothoracique est longue de 20 mm en moyenne mais elle peut atteindre 30 mm.<br \/>\nSa surface est lisse et arbore une couleur brun rouge\u00e2tre ou brun fonc\u00e9, macul\u00e9e de petites taches blanches situ\u00e9es en particulier en son centre.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00c9trille \u00e9l\u00e9gante se nourrit principalement d&rsquo;animaux, notamment de crustac\u00e9s et d&rsquo;Ann\u00e9lides, mais \u00e9galement d&rsquo;algues.<br \/>\nComme chez l&rsquo;\u00c9trille et le Crabe vert, la prise de nourriture est r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par les appendices buccaux ou  les pinces de la premi\u00e8re paire d\u2019appendices thoraciques non transform\u00e9s en pi\u00e8ces buccales. Les aliments sont ensuite port\u00e9s \u00e0 la bouche, \u00e9ventuellement apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9trait\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>En raison de ce type de prise alimentaire concernant des particules de taille relativement importante vis-\u00e0-vis des dimensions de l&rsquo;animal, l&rsquo;\u00c9trille \u00e9l\u00e9gante pratique la <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-i-a-o#macrophagie\" target=\"_blank\">macrophagie<\/a>.<br \/>\nDiversifi\u00e9, son r\u00e9gime alimentaire est qualifi\u00e9 d&rsquo;omnivore.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Pour en savoir plus, consulter :<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Chartosia N., Kitsos  M.-S. and Koukouras A., 2010 &#8211; Seasonal diet of Portumnus latipes (Pennant, 1777) (Decapoda, Portunidae). Crustaceana 83, 9, pp. 1101-1113.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Cores Reyes C., 2015 &#8211; Biology, ecology and dynamics of Pennant&rsquo;s swimming crab (Portumnus latipes) in the south of Portugal. Master&rsquo;s thesis in Marine Biology, 111p. Universidade Do Algarve.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>le site du <a href=\"http:\/\/museumwales.ac.uk\" target=\"_blank\">National museum  of wales<\/a> (en anglais \u2013 adresse : http:\/\/museumwales.ac.uk)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>le site <a href=\"http:\/\/species-identification.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Marine species identification portal<\/a> (en anglais \u2013 adresse : http:\/\/species-identification.org)<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une citation \u00ab\u00a0Qui vit sans folie n&rsquo;est pas si sage qu&rsquo;il croit.\u00a0\u00bb F. de la Rochefoucauld &nbsp; Une image &nbsp; L&rsquo;\u00c9trille \u00e9l\u00e9gante (Portumnus latipes) est un animal marin relevant du groupe des Arthropodes malacostrac\u00e9s. Elle appartient plus particuli\u00e8rement \u00e0 la famille des Portunid\u00e9s o\u00f9 elle c\u00f4toie l&rsquo;\u00c9trille et le Crabe vert, ayant respectivement fait l&rsquo;objet [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[28,27,23],"class_list":["post-8531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a-la-une","tag-biologie","tag-crustace","tag-observation"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8531"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8587,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8531\/revisions\/8587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}