{"id":5923,"date":"2013-12-09T08:00:43","date_gmt":"2013-12-09T07:00:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?p=5923"},"modified":"2013-12-02T22:23:29","modified_gmt":"2013-12-02T21:23:29","slug":"semaine-50-2013","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/semaine-50-2013","title":{"rendered":"Semaine 50-2013"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Une citation<\/h2>\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0La d\u00e9mocratie, c&rsquo;est l&rsquo;art de se tenir soi-m\u00eame en bride afin que d&rsquo;autres n&rsquo;aient pas \u00e0 la faire.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>G. Cl\u00e9menceau<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<h2>Une image<\/h2>\n<figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/gerris11_10-WEB.JPG\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/documents\/images\/gerris11_10-WEB.JPG\" width=\"300\" alt=\"Gerris\" class \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gerris (Lyon, ao\u00fbt 2010 &#8211; G. Rigaud)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Le Gerris (<em>Gerris sp.<\/em>) est un Insecte de l&rsquo;ordre des <a href=\"\/codex\/cabinet-de-curiosites-virtuel\/de-lidentification-des-animaux\/quel-insecte\/hemipteres\" target=\"_blank\">H\u00e9mipt\u00e8res<\/a>. Il appartient plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment \u00e0 la famille des Gerrid\u00e9s, class\u00e9e dans les H\u00e9t\u00e9ropt\u00e8res.<\/p>\n<p>Les <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#adulte\" target=\"_blank\">adultes<\/a> sont observ\u00e9s du printemps \u00e0 l&rsquo;automne, se mouvant \u00e0 la surface des pi\u00e8ces d&rsquo;eau tranquilles ou \u00e0 faible courant, le plus souvent \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 du bord.<br \/>\nLeur d\u00e9placement saccad\u00e9 est caract\u00e9ristique.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Les Gerris sont identifi\u00e9s \u00e0 leur corps de couleur brune et grise, fin et allong\u00e9, dont la longueur est de l&rsquo;ordre de 10 mm.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 l&rsquo;avant, la <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-t-a-z#tete\" target=\"_blank\">t\u00eate<\/a> est de forme conique. Elle porte une paire d&rsquo;<a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-i-a-o#oeil-compose\" target=\"_blank\">yeux<\/a> lat\u00e9raux, volumineux, ainsi qu&rsquo;une paire d&rsquo;<a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#antenne\" target=\"_blank\">antennes<\/a> relativement longues.<br \/>\nVentralement, les <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-p-a-s#piece-buccale\" target=\"_blank\">pi\u00e8ces buccales<\/a> forment un <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-p-a-s#rostre\" target=\"_blank\">rostre<\/a> qui permet \u00e0 l&rsquo;animal de s&rsquo;alimenter.<\/p>\n<p>Le <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-t-a-z#thorax\" target=\"_blank\">thorax<\/a> m\u00e9dian porte une paire d&rsquo;<a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-d-a-h#elytre\" target=\"_blank\">\u00e9lytres<\/a> ant\u00e9rieures et une paire d&rsquo;<a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#aile\" target=\"_blank\">ailes<\/a> membraneuses post\u00e9rieures.<br \/>\nSelon les esp\u00e8ces et les individus, elles peuvent \u00eatre totalement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es (l&rsquo;individu est alors qualifi\u00e9 de macropt\u00e8re) ou r\u00e9duites (l&rsquo;individu est dans ce cas dit micropt\u00e8re ou brachypt\u00e8re).<br \/>\nVentralement, il est muni de trois paires de <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-p-a-s#patte\" target=\"_blank\">pattes<\/a>. La premi\u00e8re est relativement courte et orient\u00e9e vers l&rsquo;avant ; elle participe \u00e0 la prise de nourriture.<br \/>\nLa deuxi\u00e8me et la troisi\u00e8me sont tr\u00e8s longues et impliqu\u00e9es dans la locomotion. \u00c9tendues, elles forment un X typique. La deuxi\u00e8me paire de pattes assure la propulsion alors que la troisi\u00e8me permet la direction.<\/p>\n<p>Post\u00e9rieurement, l&rsquo;<a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#abdomen\" target=\"_blank\">abdomen<\/a> ne pr\u00e9sente pas de caract\u00e8re notable.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Le Gerris adulte se nourrit de proies, principalement repr\u00e9sent\u00e9es par des Insectes tomb\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;eau ou vivant dans l&rsquo;eau, dont il se saisit \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de ses pattes ant\u00e9rieures. Il en aspire les liquides gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 son rostre.  Il s&rsquo;alimente \u00e9galement de cadavres.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Dans nos r\u00e9gions, deux g\u00e9n\u00e9rations annuelles se succ\u00e8dent.<\/p>\n<p>Les adultes passent l&rsquo;hiver hors de l&rsquo;eau, \u00e0 l&rsquo;abri dans la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation. Ils reprennent une vie active au printemps.<br \/>\nLeur accouplement est suivi du d\u00e9p\u00f4t d&rsquo;<a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-i-a-o#oeuf\" target=\"_blank\">\u0153ufs<\/a> par la femelle, sur la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation. <\/p>\n<p>Au terme du <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-d-a-h#developpement-embryonnaire\" target=\"_blank\">d\u00e9veloppement embryonnaire<\/a>, l&rsquo;\u00e9closion lib\u00e8re des <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-i-a-o#juvenile\" target=\"_blank\">juv\u00e9niles<\/a>, peu diff\u00e9rents des adultes en termes de morphologie, d&rsquo;anatomie, de milieu et de mode de vie.<br \/>\nIls grandissent \u00e0 la faveur de quatre <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-i-a-o#mue\" target=\"_blank\">mues<\/a> successives, leurs ailes se formant progressivement.<br \/>\nUne derni\u00e8re mue, imaginale, les transforme en adultes.<br \/>\nLa dur\u00e9e du <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-d-a-h#developpement-post-embryonnaire\" target=\"_blank\">d\u00e9veloppement post-embryonnaire<\/a> varie avec la temp\u00e9rature, de deux \u00e0 six semaines.<\/p>\n<p>Cette seconde g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d&rsquo;adultes se reproduit en \u00e9t\u00e9, selon la m\u00eame s\u00e9quence.<br \/>\nElle est \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine des adultes qui passent l&rsquo;hiver.<\/p>\n<p>De mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, les adultes observ\u00e9s au printemps sont macropt\u00e8res alors que ceux qui sont pr\u00e9sents en \u00e9t\u00e9 sont brachypt\u00e8res.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Pour en savoir plus \u00e0 propos des Gerris, consulter les sites :<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.insectes-net.fr\" target=\"_blank\">Les pages entomologiques d&rsquo;Andr\u00e9 Lequet<\/a>, rubrique Autres (adresse : http:\/\/www.insectes-net.fr)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/doris.ffessm.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\">DORIS-FFESSM<\/a> (Donn\u00e9es d&rsquo;observation pour la reconnaissance et l&rsquo;identification de la faune et de la flore subaquatiques &#8211; adresse : http:\/\/doris.ffessm.fr)<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Pour des d\u00e9tails sur le cycle de vie des H\u00e9mipt\u00e8res, se reporter \u00e0 la page <a href=\"\/codex\/cabinet-de-curiosites-virtuel\/dans-lintimite-des-animaux\/dans-lintimite-des-punaises\" target=\"_blank\">Dans l&rsquo;intimit\u00e9 des Punaises<\/a> de Codex virtualis<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Pour acc\u00e9der aux images des <a href=\"\/images\/index.php?album=parcs-de-gerland-et-des-berges-du-rhone\/les-punaises-et-insectes-apparentes\" target=\"_blank\">Punaises et Insectes apparent\u00e9s des parcs de Gerland et des berges du Rh\u00f4ne<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une citation \u00ab\u00a0La d\u00e9mocratie, c&rsquo;est l&rsquo;art de se tenir soi-m\u00eame en bride afin que d&rsquo;autres n&rsquo;aient pas \u00e0 la faire.\u00a0\u00bb G. Cl\u00e9menceau &nbsp; Une image &nbsp; Le Gerris (Gerris sp.) est un Insecte de l&rsquo;ordre des H\u00e9mipt\u00e8res. Il appartient plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment \u00e0 la famille des Gerrid\u00e9s, class\u00e9e dans les H\u00e9t\u00e9ropt\u00e8res. Les adultes sont observ\u00e9s du [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[28,17,23],"class_list":["post-5923","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a-la-une","tag-biologie","tag-insecte","tag-observation"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5923","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5923"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5923\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5955,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5923\/revisions\/5955"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5923"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5923"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5923"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}