{"id":1718,"date":"2011-04-29T15:03:52","date_gmt":"2011-04-29T13:03:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?p=1718"},"modified":"2011-06-13T14:59:08","modified_gmt":"2011-06-13T12:59:08","slug":"le-nid-decume-du-cercope","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/le-nid-decume-du-cercope","title":{"rendered":"Le nid d&rsquo;\u00e9cume du Cercope"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/images_insolites\/cercope01_10ecume-WEB.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" \" title=\"\u00c9cume printani\u00e8re\" src=\"\/documents\/images\/images_insolites\/cercope01_10ecume-WEB.jpg\" alt=\"\u00c9cume printani\u00e8re\" width=\"300\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00c9cume printani\u00e8re (Lyon, avril 2010)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Au printemps alors que les feuilles des arbustes commencent \u00e0 se d\u00e9ployer, l&rsquo;observateur attentif remarque de petits amas d&rsquo;\u00e9cume g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement localis\u00e9s au niveau des ramifications des petites branches.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/images_insolites\/cercope07_10ecume-WEB.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" \" title=\"\u00c9cume printani\u00e8re\" src=\"\/documents\/images\/images_insolites\/cercope07_10ecume-WEB.jpg\" alt=\"\u00c9cume printani\u00e8re\" width=\"300\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00c9cume printani\u00e8re (Lyon, avril 2010)<\/figcaption><\/figure><br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\nD\u00e9sign\u00e9s par les expressions \u00ab\u00a0crachat de coucou\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0bave de grenouille\u00a0\u00bb, l&rsquo;\u00e9cume ayant jadis \u00e9t\u00e9 consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme de la salive de l&rsquo;un ou l&rsquo;autre de ces animaux, ces amas cachent en fait des individus juv\u00e9niles d&rsquo;Insectes appartenant au groupe des Cercopes.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/images_insolites\/cercope08_10-WEB.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" \" title=\"Cercope juv\u00e9nile\" src=\"\/documents\/images\/images_insolites\/cercope08_10-WEB.jpg\" alt=\"Cercope juv\u00e9nile\" width=\"300\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cercope juv\u00e9nile avec \u00e9cume en formation (Lyon, avril 2010)<\/figcaption><\/figure><br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\nDans cette famille, les juv\u00e9niles issus du d\u00e9veloppement embryonnaire s&rsquo;enfouissent dans de l&rsquo;\u00e9cume, qui joue un r\u00f4le protecteur vis \u00e0 vis de la d\u00e9shydratation et de l&rsquo;insolation, ainsi que des pr\u00e9dateurs et des parasites.<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\nL&rsquo;\u00e9cume est produite par les juv\u00e9niles eux-m\u00eames. Ils pr\u00e9l\u00e8vent la s\u00e8ve de la plante sur laquelle ils se trouvent, \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de leur appareil buccal et s&rsquo;en nourrissent. En relation avec l&rsquo;importante quantit\u00e9 d&rsquo;eau absorb\u00e9e, ils \u00e9liminent une urine abondante, se pr\u00e9sentant comme un liquide clair et visqueux. Ils y m\u00e9langent de l&rsquo;air, et des bulles se forment, dont l&rsquo;accumulation produit l&rsquo;\u00e9cume.<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\nC&rsquo;est au niveau de l&rsquo;abdomen qu&rsquo;est r\u00e9alis\u00e9 le m\u00e9lange.<br \/>\nDes expansions lat\u00e9rales de la cuticule sont repli\u00e9es sur sa face ventrale, d\u00e9limitant une enceinte a\u00e9rif\u00e8re qui peut \u00eatre close \u00e0 l&rsquo;avant et \u00e0 l&rsquo;arri\u00e8re gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des dispositifs variables avec les esp\u00e8ces. Lorsque la cavit\u00e9 a\u00e9rif\u00e8re communique avec l&rsquo;ext\u00e9rieur, de l&rsquo;air y est emmagasin\u00e9.<br \/>\nL&rsquo;animal se tenant la t\u00eate en bas, de l&rsquo;urine peut p\u00e9n\u00e9trer dans la cavit\u00e9, et gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 de vigoureux mouvements abdominaux, elle est m\u00e9lang\u00e9e avec l&rsquo;air emprisonn\u00e9. Des bulles se forment, la pr\u00e9sence de mucine dans l&rsquo;urine contribuant \u00e0 faciliter leur formation et favorisant leur persistance.<br \/>\nLes mouvements des pattes et de l&rsquo;abdomen permettent d&rsquo;agencer les bulles en un amas d&rsquo;\u00e9cume.<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\nL&rsquo;enceinte a\u00e9rif\u00e8re est par ailleurs impliqu\u00e9e dans la respiration du juv\u00e9nile alors qu&rsquo;il est envelopp\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9cume ou enduit de liquide. L&rsquo;air qu&rsquo;il contient permet d&rsquo;alimenter l&rsquo;appareil respiratoire dont les orifices sont ouverts sur le canal.<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\nPour en savoir plus :<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">\u2022 <\/span>sur la formation de l&rsquo;\u00e9cume et l&rsquo;\u00e9laboration de l&rsquo;urine chez les Cercopes, t\u00e9l\u00e9chargez l\u2019article <a href=\"\/documents\/telechargement\/complements_images\/excretion_ecume_cercope.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\u00ab\u00a0L&rsquo;urine des Homopt\u00e8res, un mat\u00e9riau utilis\u00e9 ou recycl\u00e9 de fa\u00e7ons \u00e9tonnantes\u00a0\u00bb<\/a> de Michel Boulard, paru dans la revue Insectes n\u00b080.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">\u2022 <\/span> consultez le site internet d\u00e9di\u00e9 aux <a href=\"http:\/\/entomofaune.qc.ca\/entomofaune\/cercopes\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Cercopes du Qu\u00e9bec<\/a> (adresse http:\/\/entomofaune.qc.ca\/entomofaune\/cercopes\/index.htm)<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Retrouvez :<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">\u2022 <\/span>la revue Insectes en ligne, sur le site de l\u2019<a href=\"http:\/\/www.insectes.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Office pour les Insectes et leur environnement<\/a> (OPIE, adresse : http:\/\/www.insectes.org)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">\u2022 <\/span>les Insectes du Qu\u00e9bec en ligne sur le site <a href=\"http:\/\/entomofaune.qc.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\">Entomofaune du Qu\u00e9bec<\/a> (adresse http:\/\/entomofaune.qc.ca)<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\nPour acc\u00e9der aux images d&rsquo;<a href=\"\/images\/index.php?album=parcs-de-gerland-et-des-berges-du-rhone\/les-punaises-et-insectes-apparentes\" target=\"_blank\">H\u00e9mipt\u00e8res des parcs de Gerland et des berges du Rh\u00f4ne<\/a><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">[print_link]<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; Au printemps alors que les feuilles des arbustes commencent \u00e0 se d\u00e9ployer, l&rsquo;observateur attentif remarque de petits amas d&rsquo;\u00e9cume g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement localis\u00e9s au niveau des ramifications des petites branches. &nbsp; &nbsp; D\u00e9sign\u00e9s par les expressions \u00ab\u00a0crachat de coucou\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0bave de grenouille\u00a0\u00bb, l&rsquo;\u00e9cume ayant jadis \u00e9t\u00e9 consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme de la salive de l&rsquo;un ou [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[9,17],"class_list":["post-1718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-images-insolites-instructives","tag-developpement","tag-insecte"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1718"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1718\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2386,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1718\/revisions\/2386"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1718"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1718"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}