{"id":11616,"date":"2018-12-17T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-12-17T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?p=11616"},"modified":"2018-12-16T21:39:21","modified_gmt":"2018-12-16T20:39:21","slug":"semaine-51-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/semaine-51-2018","title":{"rendered":"Semaine 51-2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Une citation<\/h2>\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0Il est bon de franchir chaque jour une \u00e9tape, comme l&rsquo;eau qui ne stagne pas.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>J. al-Din Rumi<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<h2>Une image<\/h2>\n<figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/testicule\/lombric_ct_genital_male_calc_oesophage_vue_generale_02-WEB.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/testicule\/lombric_ct_genital_male_calc_oesophage_vue_generale_02-WEB.jpg\" width=\"300\" \" alt=\"Quel est cet animal ?\" class=\"size-medium\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Quel est cet animal ?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/images\/albums\/delices-histologiques\/annelide-adulte\/appareil-reproducteur\/lombric_ct_genital_male_calc_oesophage_vue_generale_02_zp.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Voir l&rsquo;image de plus grande taille<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/testicule\/lombric_ct_genital_male_calc_oesophage_vue_generale_02_legende.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Voir l&rsquo;image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;image de la semaine 51-2018 provient de l&rsquo;observation d&rsquo;une coupe histologique au st\u00e9r\u00e9omicroscope.<\/p>\n<p>Elle est constitu\u00e9e d&rsquo;une structure approximativement ovale, d\u00e9limit\u00e9e par une enveloppe composite relativement \u00e9paisse. Elle comprend un espace semblant vide dans lequel sont localis\u00e9es des unit\u00e9s de formes et d&rsquo;organisations diverses.<br \/>\nLa structure pr\u00e9sente un plan de sym\u00e9trie m\u00e9dian, de part et d&rsquo;autre duquel les unit\u00e9s corporelles sont r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es, \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re d&rsquo;une image dans un miroir. Elle est caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par une sym\u00e9trie <\/a><a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#bilateral\" target=\"_blank\">bilat\u00e9rale<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 l&rsquo;instar de l&rsquo;image de la <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-50-2018\">semaine 50-2018<\/a> de Codex virtualis, l&rsquo;enveloppe comporte :<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>une fine tunique externe et continue, dans laquelle alternent des sous-unit\u00e9s sombres et claires, surmont\u00e9e d&rsquo;un \u00e9troit liser\u00e9 ;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>une tunique moyenne plus \u00e9paisse, form\u00e9e de fibres \u00e0 disposition circulaire ; <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>une tunique interne \u00e9galement \u00e9paisse, constitu\u00e9e de fibres agenc\u00e9es radialement.<\/p>\n<p>Il s&rsquo;agit respectivement d&rsquo;un <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-d-a-h#epiderme\" target=\"_blank\">\u00e9piderme<\/a>, <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-d-a-h#epithelium\" target=\"_blank\">\u00e9pith\u00e9lium<\/a> simple et prismatique, recouvert d&rsquo;une <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#cuticule\" target=\"_blank\">cuticule<\/a>, de fibres musculaires lisses circulaires et de fibres musculaires lisses longitudinales.<br \/>\nUne telle enveloppe indique que la coupe concerne le corps entier d&rsquo;une animal.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Dans la r\u00e9gion m\u00e9diane et inf\u00e9rieure, une structure comportant deux sous-unit\u00e9s circulaires, pleines et accol\u00e9es, entour\u00e9e d&rsquo;une enveloppe fibreuse est pr\u00e9sente.<\/p>\n<p>Elle est surmont\u00e9e d&rsquo;un organe ovale, poss\u00e9dant une lumi\u00e8re bord\u00e9e par une fine couche continue ceinte par une \u00e9paisse tunique ajour\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Ce sont vraisemblablement une structure pleine et un organe tubuleux coup\u00e9s transversalement.<br \/>\nEn l&rsquo;occurrence, leurs organisations sont caract\u00e9ristiques d&rsquo;une cha\u00eene nerveuse ventrale et d&rsquo;un tube digestif.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;espace semblant vide est certainement un compartiment liquidien.<br \/>\nIl contient des structures localis\u00e9es de part et d&rsquo;autre de la cha\u00eene nerveuse et du tube digestif, de forme ovale ou circulaire et d\u00e9limit\u00e9es par une tunique continue et peu \u00e9paisse, correspondant \u00e0 un \u00e9pith\u00e9lium simple cubique.<br \/>\nIl s&rsquo;agit vraisemblablement d&rsquo;un organe tubuleux et contourn\u00e9 coup\u00e9 longitudinalement ou transversalement.<br \/>\nIl pourrait correspondre \u00e0 un organe excr\u00e9teur de type m\u00e9tan\u00e9phridien.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>La pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;un \u00e9piderme simple et prismatique recouvert d&rsquo;une fine cuticule, de fibres musculaires lisses circulaires et longitudinales, de vastes cavit\u00e9s liquidiennes, d&rsquo;une cha\u00eene nerveuse ventrale, d&rsquo;un tube digestif m\u00e9dian et d&rsquo;organes excr\u00e9teurs tubuleux baignant dans les cavit\u00e9s liquidiennes, sugg\u00e8re que l&rsquo;animal sectionn\u00e9 est un <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#annelide\" target=\"_blank\">Ann\u00e9lide<\/a>. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un Lombric \u00e9galement appel\u00e9 Ver de terre.<br \/>\nLa r\u00e9gion inf\u00e9rieure de la coupe correspond \u00e0 sa face ventrale et la r\u00e9gion sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 sa face <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-d-a-h#dorsal\" target=\"_blank\">dorsale<\/a>. Les cavit\u00e9s corporelles sont des cavit\u00e9s <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#coelomique\" target=\"_blank\">c\u0153lomiques<\/a>. La r\u00e9gion du tube digestif pr\u00e9sente dans la coupe est l&rsquo;\u0153osophage, d\u00e9crit dans les articles des semaines <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-30-2018\">30-2018<\/a>, <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-31-2018\">31-2018<\/a> et <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-32-2018\">32-2018<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Les unit\u00e9s observ\u00e9es de part et d&rsquo;autre de la cha\u00eene nerveuse pr\u00e9sentent une lumi\u00e8re bord\u00e9e d&rsquo;une paroi formant des replis. Elles sont incluses dans deux ensembles denses et relativement homog\u00e8nes. Les premiers correspondent \u00e0 des spermiductes, conduits acheminant les <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-p-a-s#spermatozoide\" target=\"_blank\">spermatozo\u00efdes<\/a> dans le milieu ext\u00e9rieur, et les seconds aux sacs testiculaires, r\u00e9gions sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es des cavit\u00e9s c\u0153lomiques contenant les testicules.<\/p>\n<p>Les cellules germinales des testicules \u00e9voluent en <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-p-a-s#spermatogonie\" target=\"_blank\">spermatogonies<\/a> qui sont lib\u00e9r\u00e9es dans les v\u00e9sicules s\u00e9minales en continuit\u00e9 avec les sacs testiculaires. Elles correspondent aux masses dorsales, lat\u00e9rales et m\u00e9diane de la coupe. Les spermatogonies y \u00e9voluent en spermatozo\u00efdes avant d&rsquo;\u00eatre pris en charge par les spermiductes. <\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Pour en savoir plus, consulter :<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>les pages <a href=\"\/codex\/de-lorganisation-interne\/premiers-pas-histologiques\">Premiers pas histologiques<\/a> de Codex virtualis (adresse : http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/de-lorganisation-interne\/premiers-pas-histologiques)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span> Burkitt H.G., Young B., Heath J.W., 1993 \u2013 Histologie fonctionnelle Wheater. Arnette, 408p. Paris<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Heusser S., Dupuy H.G., 2015 \u2013 Atlas biologie animale. Dunod, 220p. Paris<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Leake L. D., 1975 \u2013 Comparative histology, an introduction to the microscopic structure of animals. Academic press, 738p. London, New York, San Francisco<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une citation \u00ab\u00a0Il est bon de franchir chaque jour une \u00e9tape, comme l&rsquo;eau qui ne stagne pas.\u00a0\u00bb J. al-Din Rumi &nbsp; Une image &nbsp; Voir l&rsquo;image de plus grande taille &nbsp; Voir l&rsquo;image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e &nbsp; L&rsquo;image de la semaine 51-2018 provient de l&rsquo;observation d&rsquo;une coupe histologique au st\u00e9r\u00e9omicroscope. Elle est constitu\u00e9e d&rsquo;une structure approximativement ovale, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[47,14,23,22],"class_list":["post-11616","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a-la-une","tag-annelide","tag-histologie","tag-observation","tag-physiologie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11616","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11616"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11616\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11684,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11616\/revisions\/11684"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11616"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11616"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}