{"id":11594,"date":"2018-12-03T08:00:06","date_gmt":"2018-12-03T07:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?p=11594"},"modified":"2018-11-28T21:19:02","modified_gmt":"2018-11-28T20:19:02","slug":"semaine-49-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/semaine-49-2018","title":{"rendered":"Semaine 49-2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Une citation<\/h2>\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0Seuls les humains connaissent des catastrophes, lorsqu&rsquo;ils y survivent\u00a0; la nature non.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>M. Frisch<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<h2>Une image<\/h2>\n<figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/compartiments_liquidiens\/lombric_vaisseau_30-WEB.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/compartiments_liquidiens\/lombric_vaisseau_30-WEB.jpg\" width=\"300\" \" alt=\"Quel est cet organe ?\" class=\"size-medium\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Quel est cet organe ?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/images\/albums\/delices-histologiques\/annelide-adulte\/appareil-circulatoire\/lombric_vaisseau_30_zp.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Voir l&rsquo;image de plus grande taille<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/compartiments_liquidiens\/lombric_vaisseau_30_legende.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Voir l&rsquo;image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;image de la semaine 49-2018 r\u00e9sulte de l&rsquo;observation d&rsquo;une coupe histologique \u00e0 l&rsquo;objectif x40 du microscope photonique.<\/p>\n<p>Elle comporte une structure ovale centrale, d\u00e9limit\u00e9e par une fine enveloppe composite et au contenu homog\u00e8ne. Il s&rsquo;agit vraisemblablement d&rsquo;un organe tubuleux coup\u00e9 transversalement dans lequel un liquide est pr\u00e9sent.<br \/>\nIl est entour\u00e9 d&rsquo;un espace semblant vide, contenant toutefois une petite masse h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8ne, et bord\u00e9 par une cloison.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>La paroi de la structure tubuleuse centrale comporte en p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie une fine tunique continue. Elle est constitu\u00e9e d&rsquo;unit\u00e9s plates contenant une structure ovale et finement ponctu\u00e9e, correspondant respectivement \u00e0 des <\/a><a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#cellule\" target=\"_blank\">cellules<\/a> animales et \u00e0 leur noyau. Jointives et agenc\u00e9es en une assise unique, elles d\u00e9terminent un <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-d-a-h#epithelium\" target=\"_blank\">\u00e9pith\u00e9lium<\/a> simple et pavimenteux.<\/p>\n<p>Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la lumi\u00e8re, l&rsquo;\u00e9pith\u00e9lium surmonte une couche fibreuse peu \u00e9paisse. Elle est form\u00e9e de <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-t-a-z#tissu-conjonctif\" target=\"_blank\">tissu conjonctif<\/a> fibreux, dans lequel les cellules ne sont pas visibles.<\/p>\n<p>Enfin, au contact de la lumi\u00e8re, une cellule isol\u00e9e est pr\u00e9sente. Elle r\u00e9v\u00e8le la pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;un fin r\u00e9seau \u00e0 la surface de la paroi.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>La cloison d\u00e9limitant l&rsquo;espace localis\u00e9 autour de la structure tubuleuse centrale appara\u00eet form\u00e9e d&rsquo;\u00e9paisses fibres homog\u00e8nes, dispos\u00e9es parall\u00e8lement les unes aux autres. Une structure plate et ponctu\u00e9e y est parfois observ\u00e9e. Il s&rsquo;agit de fibres musculaires lisses et de leur noyau.<\/p>\n<p>Une fine enveloppe fibreuse les recouvre au contact de l&rsquo;espace vide, surmont\u00e9e d&rsquo;une assise de cellules plates. Elles correspondent \u00e0 du tissu conjonctif fibreux et un \u00e9pith\u00e9lium simple pavimenteux.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;amas h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8ne est form\u00e9 d&rsquo;unit\u00e9s au contenu clair et granuleux, poss\u00e9dant un une structure circulaire sombre et ponctu\u00e9e. Ce sont de volumineuses cellules, \u00e0 cytoplasme irr\u00e9gulier. <\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>La structure tubuleuse centrale contenant un liquide est un vaisseau sanguin.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;organisation de sa paroi ainsi que l&rsquo;espace vide qui l&rsquo;entoure sugg\u00e8rent qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un vaisseau sanguin d&rsquo;<a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#annelide\" target=\"_blank\">Ann\u00e9lide<\/a>, baignant dans une cavit\u00e9 <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#coelomique\" target=\"_blank\">c\u0153lomique<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>Les cavit\u00e9s c\u0153lomiques sont remplies de liquide, qualifi\u00e9 de c\u0153lomique, dans lequel des cellules isol\u00e9es sont pr\u00e9sentes, en particulier de volumineuses cellules \u00e0 cytoplasme granuleux, les <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#chloragocyte\" target=\"_blank\">chloragocytes<\/a>. Les cavit\u00e9s c\u0153lomiques des Ann\u00e9lides sont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es dans les articles des semaines <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-41-2018\">41-2018<\/a> et <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-42-2018\">42-2018<\/a> de Codex virtualis, et les cellules qu&rsquo;elles contiennent dans les articles des semaines <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-37-2018\">37-2018<\/a>, <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-38-2018\">38-2018<\/a>, <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-39-2018\">39-2018<\/a> et <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-40-2018\">40-2018<\/a>.<br \/>\nAu nombre d&rsquo;une paire par segment corporel, les cavit\u00e9s c\u0153lomiques sont d\u00e9limit\u00e9es ant\u00e9rieurement et post\u00e9rieurement par une cloison musculeuse appel\u00e9e <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-d-a-h#dissepiment\" target=\"_blank\">diss\u00e9piment<\/a>. Les diss\u00e9piments sont recouverts e tissu conjonctif fibreux et de l&rsquo;\u00e9pith\u00e9lium c\u0153lomique, en continuit\u00e9 avec la paroi des vaisseaux sanguins. Ils font l&rsquo;objet de l&rsquo;article de la semaine <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-44-2018\">44-2018<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Le vaisseau sanguin d\u00e9crit appartient au Lombric, ou Ver de terre. Il vient compl\u00e9ter la description du vaisseau sanguin dorsal dans les articles des semaines <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-46-2018\">46-2018<\/a> et <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-47-2018\">47-2018<\/a>, et d&rsquo;un vaisseau n\u00e9phridien dans celui de la semaine <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-48-2018\">48-2018<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Pour en savoir plus, consulter :<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>les pages <a href=\"\/codex\/de-lorganisation-interne\/premiers-pas-histologiques\">Premiers pas histologiques<\/a> de Codex virtualis (adresse : http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/de-lorganisation-interne\/premiers-pas-histologiques)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span> Burkitt H.G., Young B., Heath J.W., 1993 \u2013 Histologie fonctionnelle Wheater. Arnette, 408p. Paris<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Hanson J., 1949 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1949.tb00573.x\" target=\"_blank\">The histology of the blood system in Ologochaeta and Polychaeta.<\/a> Biological reviews of Cambridge philosophical society, 24, 2 : 127-173 (adresse : https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1949.tb00573.x)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1949.tb00573.x \" target=\"_blank\">DOI : 10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1949.tb00573.x<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Hartenstein V., Mandal L., 2006 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/bies.20497\" target=\"_blank\">The blood\/vascular system in a phylogenetic perspective.<\/a> BioEssays, 28, 12 : 1203-1210 (adresse : https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/bies.20497)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bies.20497 \" target=\"_blank\">DOI : 10.1002\/bies.20497<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Heusser S., Dupuy H.G., 2015 \u2013 Atlas biologie animale. Dunod, 220p. Paris<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Johnston J.B., 1903 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/1535513\" target=\"_blank\">On the blood vessels, their valves and the course of the blood in Lumbricus.<\/a> Biological Bulletin, 5, 2 : 74-84 (adresse : https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/1535513)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Leake L. D., 1975 \u2013 Comparative histology, an introduction to the microscopic structure of animals. Academic press, 738p. London, New York, San Francisco<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Mu\u00f1oz\u2010Ch\u00e1puli R., Carmona R., Guadix J.A., Mac\u00edas D., P\u00e9rez\u2010Pomares J.M., 2005 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/j.1525-142X.2005.05040.x\" target=\"_blank\">The origin of the endothelial cells: an evo\u2010devo approach for the invertebrate\/vertebrate transition of the circulatory system.<\/a> Evolution &#038; Development, 7, 4 : 351-358 (adresse : https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/j.1525-142X.2005.05040.x)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1525-142X.2005.05040.x \" target=\"_blank\">DOI : 10.1111\/j.1525-142X.2005.05040.x<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une citation \u00ab\u00a0Seuls les humains connaissent des catastrophes, lorsqu&rsquo;ils y survivent\u00a0; la nature non.\u00a0\u00bb M. Frisch &nbsp; Une image &nbsp; Voir l&rsquo;image de plus grande taille &nbsp; Voir l&rsquo;image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e &nbsp; L&rsquo;image de la semaine 49-2018 r\u00e9sulte de l&rsquo;observation d&rsquo;une coupe histologique \u00e0 l&rsquo;objectif x40 du microscope photonique. Elle comporte une structure ovale centrale, d\u00e9limit\u00e9e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[47,14,23,22],"class_list":["post-11594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a-la-une","tag-annelide","tag-histologie","tag-observation","tag-physiologie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11594","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11594"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11594\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11596,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11594\/revisions\/11596"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}