{"id":11041,"date":"2018-05-28T08:00:41","date_gmt":"2018-05-28T06:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?p=11041"},"modified":"2018-12-08T16:53:47","modified_gmt":"2018-12-08T15:53:47","slug":"semaine-22-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/semaine-22-2018","title":{"rendered":"Semaine 22-2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Une citation<\/h2>\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0Le r\u00e9el, c&rsquo;est quand on se cogne.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>J. Lacan<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<h2>Une image<\/h2>\n<figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/systeme_nerveux\/ganglion_sous_oesophagien_lombric_04-WEB.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/systeme_nerveux\/ganglion_sous_oesophagien_lombric_04-WEB.jpg\" width=\"300\" alt=\"Quel est cet organe ?\" class=\"size-medium\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Quel est cet organe ?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/images\/albums\/delices-histologiques\/annelide-adulte\/systeme-nerveux\/ganglion_sous_oesophagien_lombric_04_zp.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Voir l&rsquo;image de plus grande taille<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/histologie_articles\/systeme_nerveux\/ganglion_sous_oesophagien_lombric_04_legende.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Voir l&rsquo;image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;image de la semaine 22-2018 r\u00e9sulte de l&rsquo;observation d&rsquo;une coupe histologique \u00e0 l&rsquo;objectif x40 du microscope photonique.<\/p>\n<p>Elle est essentiellement constitu\u00e9e d&rsquo;une structure massive et ovale dont seule une partie est visible. Elle est entour\u00e9e de deux tuniques, la plus interne est relativement homog\u00e8ne alors que la plus externe est composite.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>La structure principale appara\u00eet form\u00e9e de deux r\u00e9gions.<\/p>\n<p>Sa p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie est occup\u00e9e par des unit\u00e9s en forme de goutte ou ovales, finement granuleuses. Elles contiennent chacune une structure circulaire p\u00e2le, ponctu\u00e9e d&rsquo;amas sombres et pr\u00e9sentant une tache rouge pour certaines.<br \/>\nCette organisation est caract\u00e9ristique des <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-a-a-c#cellule\" target=\"_blank\">cellules<\/a> animales, qui poss\u00e8dent un noyau correspondant \u00e0 la structure circulaire peu color\u00e9e. Un nucl\u00e9ole y est parfois visible de m\u00eame que des amas de chromatine condens\u00e9e, composant les chromosomes, repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s respectivement par la tache rouge et les amas sombres. Le noyau est entour\u00e9 de cytoplasme granuleux, l&rsquo;ensemble \u00e9tant d\u00e9limit\u00e9 par une membrane plasmique.<\/p>\n<p>Son centre est majoritairement form\u00e9 de fibres group\u00e9es en faisceaux, entre lesquelles sont dispers\u00e9es quelques petites unit\u00e9s sombres, ovales ou circulaires.<br \/>\nLes fibres correspondent \u00e0 des expansions des cellules localis\u00e9es \u00e0 la p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie de la structure, et les unit\u00e9s dispers\u00e9es \u00e0 des cellules d&rsquo;accompagnement.<\/p>\n<p>Parmi les cellules portant des expansions figurent les neurones, unit\u00e9s structurales et fonctionnelles du syst\u00e8me nerveux. Ils assurent la r\u00e9ception, la conduction et l&rsquo;int\u00e9gration des informations dans l&rsquo;organisme.<br \/>\nLa structure d\u00e9crite est constitu\u00e9e de neurones, dont les corps cellulaires sont p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques et les prolongements centraux, formant un <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-i-a-o#neuropile\" target=\"_blank\">neuropile<\/a>.<br \/>\nL&rsquo;agencement des expansions des neurones en groupes indique qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un centre nerveux d&rsquo;animal non Vert\u00e9br\u00e9, en l&rsquo;occurrence un ganglion.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Le ganglion nerveux est entour\u00e9 d&rsquo;une premi\u00e8re tunique fibreuse homog\u00e8ne form\u00e9e de <a href=\"\/codex\/glossaire\/glossaire-de-t-a-z#tissu-conjonctif\" target=\"_blank\">tissu conjonctif<\/a> fibreux.<\/p>\n<p>Autour une enveloppe h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8ne est pr\u00e9sente, comportant des fibres \u00e9paisses d&rsquo;orientation diverses. Elles correspondent \u00e0 des fibres musculaires lisses, entrelac\u00e9es de tissu conjonctif fibreux parcouru de vaisseaux sanguins.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;image de la semaine 22-2018 est un agrandissement de l&rsquo;image de la <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-21-2018\">semaine 21-2018<\/a>. Elle repr\u00e9sente un ganglion sous-\u0153sophagien de Lombric, reli\u00e9 ant\u00e9rieurement aux ganglions c\u00e9r\u00e9bro\u00efdes dorsaux et post\u00e9rieurement aux ganglions de la cha\u00eene nerveuse ventrale, d\u00e9crits respectivement dans les articles des semaines <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-15-2018\">15-2018<\/a>, <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-16-2018\">16-2018<\/a>, <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-17-2018\">17-2018<\/a> et <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-19-2018\">19-2018<\/a>, <a href=\"\/codex\/semaine-20-2018\">20-2018<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Pour en savoir plus, consulter :<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>les pages <a href=\"\/codex\/de-lorganisation-interne\/premiers-pas-histologiques\">Premiers pas histologiques<\/a> de Codex virtualis (adresse : http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/de-lorganisation-interne\/premiers-pas-histologiques)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span> Burkitt H.G., Young B., Heath J.W., 1993 \u2013 Histologie fonctionnelle Wheater. Arnette, 408p. Paris<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">&bull; <\/span>Heusser S., Dupuy H.G., 2015 \u2013 Atlas biologie animale. Dunod, 220p. Paris<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une citation \u00ab\u00a0Le r\u00e9el, c&rsquo;est quand on se cogne.\u00a0\u00bb J. Lacan &nbsp; Une image &nbsp; Voir l&rsquo;image de plus grande taille &nbsp; Voir l&rsquo;image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e &nbsp; L&rsquo;image de la semaine 22-2018 r\u00e9sulte de l&rsquo;observation d&rsquo;une coupe histologique \u00e0 l&rsquo;objectif x40 du microscope photonique. Elle est essentiellement constitu\u00e9e d&rsquo;une structure massive et ovale dont seule une [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[47,28,14,22],"class_list":["post-11041","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a-la-une","tag-annelide","tag-biologie","tag-histologie","tag-physiologie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11041","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11041"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11041\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11638,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11041\/revisions\/11638"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11041"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11041"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11041"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}