{"id":5197,"date":"2013-08-17T18:20:04","date_gmt":"2013-08-17T16:20:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?page_id=5197"},"modified":"2013-08-18T17:33:22","modified_gmt":"2013-08-18T15:33:22","slug":"odonates","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/cabinet-de-curiosites-virtuel\/de-lidentification-des-animaux\/quel-insecte\/odonates","title":{"rendered":"Les Odonates"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p><em>\u00c9tymologiquement, le terme Odonate signifie \u00ab pourvu de dents \u00bb et est une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence aux mandibules dent\u00e9es des repr\u00e9sentants du groupe.<\/em><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Le taxon des Odonates compte environ 6 500 esp\u00e8ces.<\/p>\n<p>Ses membres sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement observ\u00e9s \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des \u00e9tendues d&rsquo;eau mais ils ne sont pas cantonn\u00e9s \u00e0 ce milieu.<br \/>\nCarnassiers, ils se nourrissent de proies comme les Mouches et les Moustiques, qu&rsquo;ils rep\u00e8rent gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leur vue.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<h2>Caract\u00e9ristiques morphologiques<\/h2>\n<p>Les Libellules et les Demoiselles sont des Odonates souvent rencontr\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/ordres_insectes\/anaxempereur01-09bis-WEB.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" title=\"Aeschne (m\u00e2le, Anisopt\u00e8re - Odonate)\" src=\"\/documents\/images\/ordres_insectes\/anaxempereur01-09bis-WEB.jpg\" alt=\"Aeschne\" width=\"300\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aeschne (m\u00e2le, Anisopt\u00e8re - Odonate)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a rel=\"lightbox\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/ordres_insectes\/anaxempereur01-09bis_legende-WEB.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">voir l&rsquo;image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Elles poss\u00e8dent un corps allong\u00e9 et gracile, dont la longueur est comprise entre 15 et 60 mm et dont la coloration varie avec le sexe ainsi que l&rsquo;\u00e2ge.<\/p>\n<p>La t\u00eate, ant\u00e9rieure, est munie de courtes antennes et d&rsquo;yeux compos\u00e9s de grande taille.<br \/>\nLa bouche est associ\u00e9e \u00e0 des pi\u00e8ces buccales broyeuses et notamment des mandibules h\u00e9riss\u00e9es de nombreuses dents.<\/p>\n<p>Le thorax est quant \u00e0 lui form\u00e9 d&rsquo;un premier segment r\u00e9duit et de l&rsquo;association des deuxi\u00e8me et troisi\u00e8me segments en un pt\u00e9rothorax pro\u00e9minent portant dorsalement deux paires d&rsquo;ailes transparentes et parcourues d&rsquo;un r\u00e9seau complexe de nervures.<br \/>\nLes trois paires de pattes sont ins\u00e9r\u00e9es ventralement et en avant, pouvant ainsi contribuer au maintien des proies.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 l&rsquo;arri\u00e8re, l&rsquo;abdomen a la forme un cylindre long et fin, portant \u00e0 son extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 des appendices impliqu\u00e9s dans la reproduction.<br \/>\nChez le m\u00e2le, des structures reproductrices sont aussi pr\u00e9sentes au niveau des segments 2 et 3.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<h2>Diversit\u00e9<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Zygopt\u00e8res<\/strong><br \/>\n(Demoiselles)<\/td>\n<td><strong>Anisopt\u00e8res<\/strong><br \/>\n(Libellules)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u00e9tymologie : ailes semblables<\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>\u00e9tymologie : ailes diff\u00e9rentes<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ailes semblables, pr\u00e9sentant un \u00e9troit p\u00e9tiole<\/td>\n<td>ailes post\u00e9rieures plus larges que les ailes ant\u00e9rieures<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ailes g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement verticales ou l\u00e9g\u00e8rement ouvertes au repos<\/td>\n<td>ailes souvent horizontales et ouvertes au repos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>yeux compos\u00e9s relativement petits, sur les c\u00f4t\u00e9s de la t\u00eate et ne se touchant pas<\/td>\n<td>yeux compos\u00e9s tr\u00e8s d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s et se touchant sur le sommet de la t\u00eate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>larves fines, avec branchies externes et prolongement abdominal m\u00e9dian<\/td>\n<td>larves robustes avec branchies internes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<h2>Cycle de vie<\/h2>\n<p>La dur\u00e9e de vie totale varie de un \u00e0 cinq ans, selon les esp\u00e8ces et les conditions environnementales (temp\u00e9rature et abondance de la nourriture en particulier).<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;accouplement donne lieu \u00e0 des vols en tandem et des figures en forme de c\u0153ur.<\/p>\n<p>Il pr\u00e9c\u00e8de le d\u00e9p\u00f4t des \u0153ufs par la femelle, directement dans l&rsquo;eau ou dans des v\u00e9g\u00e9taux aquatiques.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 l&rsquo;\u00e9closion, des larves aquatiques voient le jour. Elles poss\u00e8dent de multiples caract\u00e8res remarquables, notamment des pi\u00e8ces buccales agenc\u00e9es en un masque repli\u00e9 sous la t\u00eate au repos et vivement projet\u00e9 vers l&rsquo;avant en pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;une proie.<\/p>\n<p>Le d\u00e9veloppement post-embryonnaire comporte dix \u00e0 quinze stades larvaires successifs, s\u00e9par\u00e9s par des mues. Progressivement, les yeux et les ailes se d\u00e9veloppent.<\/p>\n<p>La larve du dernier stade sort de l&rsquo;eau avant de subir la derni\u00e8re mue \u00e0 la faveur de laquelle \u00e9merge l&rsquo;imago.<\/p>\n<p>Les caract\u00e9ristiques du cycle de vie des Odonates, avec la pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;une larve mais pas de r\u00e9elle m\u00e9tamorphose, conduit \u00e0 les d\u00e9signer comme des Insectes h\u00e9t\u00e9rom\u00e9taboles h\u00e9mim\u00e9taboles.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u00c9tymologiquement, le terme Odonate signifie \u00ab pourvu de dents \u00bb et est une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence aux mandibules dent\u00e9es des repr\u00e9sentants du groupe. &nbsp; Le taxon des Odonates compte environ 6 500 esp\u00e8ces. Ses membres sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement observ\u00e9s \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des \u00e9tendues d&rsquo;eau mais ils ne sont pas cantonn\u00e9s \u00e0 ce milieu. Carnassiers, ils se nourrissent [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":5386,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5197","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5197","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5197"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5197\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5199,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5197\/revisions\/5199"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5386"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}