{"id":5191,"date":"2013-08-17T18:27:35","date_gmt":"2013-08-17T16:27:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?page_id=5191"},"modified":"2013-08-18T17:42:22","modified_gmt":"2013-08-18T15:42:22","slug":"nevropteres","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/cabinet-de-curiosites-virtuel\/de-lidentification-des-animaux\/quel-insecte\/nevropteres","title":{"rendered":"Les N\u00e9vropt\u00e8res"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u00c9tymologiquement, le terme N\u00e9vropt\u00e8re provient de \u00ab\u00a0neuron\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0nervure,\u00a0\u00bb et de \u00ab\u00a0pteron\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0aile\u00a0\u00bb. Il est une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au r\u00e9seau de nervures des ailes des repr\u00e9sentants du groupe.<\/em><\/p>\n

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Le taxon des N\u00e9vropt\u00e8res compte environ 6\u00a0000 esp\u00e8ces.<\/p>\n

Ces Insectes dont le vol est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement assez maladroit sont des pr\u00e9dateurs se nourrissant en particulier de Pucerons.<\/p>\n

  <\/p>\n

Caract\u00e9ristiques morphologiques<\/h2>\n

Les Chrysopes et les Ascalaphes sont des N\u00e9vropt\u00e8res assez courants.<\/p>\n

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\"Chrysope\"<\/a>
Chrysope (N\u00e9vropt\u00e8re)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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voir l’image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e<\/a><\/p>\n

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D’une envergure variant de 3\u00a0mm \u00e0 plus de 10\u00a0cm selon les esp\u00e8ces, ces Insectes sont caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par un corps mou, de coloration g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement verte ou brune.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 l’avant, la t\u00eate poss\u00e8de de longues et fines antennes ainsi que deux yeux compos\u00e9s de grande taille et parfois des ocelles.
\nLes pi\u00e8ces buccales sont de type broyeur.<\/p>\n

Le thorax est constitu\u00e9 d\u2019un prothorax effil\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019avant, formant une sorte de cou en arri\u00e8re de la t\u00eate, puis d\u2019un m\u00e9sothorax et d\u2019un m\u00e9tathorax bien d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s portant chacun une paire d\u2019ailes membraneuses. Des nervures ramifi\u00e9es les parcourent, dessinant un fin r\u00e9seau.
\nAiles ant\u00e9rieures et post\u00e9rieures sont semblables et coupl\u00e9es l’une \u00e0 l’autre d’un m\u00eame c\u00f4t\u00e9. Au repos, les ailes sont plac\u00e9es en toit au-dessus du corps.<\/p>\n

L’abdomen, post\u00e9rieur, ne pr\u00e9sente pas de caract\u00e8re notable.<\/p>\n

  <\/p>\n

Diversit\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Familles<\/td>\nExemples<\/td>\nCaract\u00e8res<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chrysopid\u00e9s<\/td>\nChrysope<\/td>\nvertes ou brunes
\nyeux \u00e0 reflets m\u00e9talliques<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Myrm\u00e9l\u00e9ontid\u00e9s<\/td>\nFourmilion<\/td>\nantennes en massue
\nlarve \u00e9laborant un pi\u00e8ge dans le sable et capturant de petits Insectes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ascalaphid\u00e9s<\/td>\nAscalaphe<\/td>\nantennes en massue
\nvol rapide<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mantispid\u00e9s<\/td>\nMantispide<\/td>\npattes ant\u00e9rieures ravisseuses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e9m\u00e9robiid\u00e9s<\/td>\nH\u00e9m\u00e9robe<\/td>\npetite taille
\nbruns ou gris\u00e2tres<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

  <\/p>\n

Cycle de vie<\/h2>\n

Dans nos r\u00e9gions, les N\u00e9vropt\u00e8res peuvent donner deux g\u00e9n\u00e9rations annuelles, estivale et automnale.<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s l’accouplement, la femelle d\u00e9pose des \u0153ufs qui lib\u00e8rent \u00e0 l’\u00e9closion des larves fusiformes, poss\u00e9dant trois paires de pattes bien d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es et un abdomen portant des soies.
\nLeurs pi\u00e8ces buccales sont de type suceur et elles se nourrissent de liquides d’origine animale.<\/p>\n

Le d\u00e9veloppement post-embryonnaire comporte quatre stades larvaires successifs s\u00e9par\u00e9s par des mues larvaires, le dernier \u00e9tant qualifi\u00e9 de pr\u00e9-nymphal en raison de son inactivit\u00e9.
\nC’est ce dernier stade qui passe l’hiver pour la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration automnale.<\/p>\n

Un stade nymphal terrestre lui fait suite, issu d\u2019une mue larvo-nymphale. La nymphe est enclose dans un cocon de soie, \u00e9labor\u00e9e par des glandes abdominales.<\/p>\n

L’imago \u00e9merge \u00e0 la faveur de la mue nympho-imaginale.<\/p>\n

Le cycle des N\u00e9vropt\u00e8res est caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par une phase larvaire et une m\u00e9tamorphose intervenant pendant la p\u00e9riode nymphale. Ces Insectes sont dits holom\u00e9taboles.
\nLes ailes sont form\u00e9es pendant la phase larvaire et leurs \u00e9bauches sont internes. Il s’agit d’Insectes endopt\u00e9rygotes.<\/p>\n

  <\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  \u00c9tymologiquement, le terme N\u00e9vropt\u00e8re provient de \u00ab\u00a0neuron\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0nervure,\u00a0\u00bb et de \u00ab\u00a0pteron\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0aile\u00a0\u00bb. Il est une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au r\u00e9seau de nervures des ailes des repr\u00e9sentants du groupe.   Le taxon des N\u00e9vropt\u00e8res compte environ 6\u00a0000 esp\u00e8ces. Ces Insectes dont le vol est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement assez maladroit sont des pr\u00e9dateurs se nourrissant en particulier de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":5386,"menu_order":11,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5191","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5191","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5191"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5191\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5196,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5191\/revisions\/5196"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5386"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}