{"id":5187,"date":"2013-08-17T18:28:28","date_gmt":"2013-08-17T16:28:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?page_id=5187"},"modified":"2021-05-09T11:08:49","modified_gmt":"2021-05-09T09:08:49","slug":"megalopteres","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/cabinet-de-curiosites-virtuel\/de-lidentification-des-animaux\/quel-insecte\/megalopteres","title":{"rendered":"Les M\u00e9galopt\u00e8res"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u00c9tymologiquement, le terme M\u00e9galopt\u00e8re d\u00e9rive de \u00ab\u00a0megalo\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0de grande taille\u00a0\u00bb et de \u00ab\u00a0pteron\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0aile\u00a0\u00bb. Il fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au d\u00e9veloppement des ailes dans le groupe.<\/em><\/p>\n

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Le taxon des M\u00e9galopt\u00e8res compte environ 300 esp\u00e8ces.<\/p>\n

Ce sont des Insectes volant \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des cours d’eau, mais s’alimentant peu voire pas au stade adulte.<\/p>\n

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Caract\u00e9ristiques morphologiques<\/h2>\n

Le Sialis est un M\u00e9galopt\u00e8re fr\u00e9quemment observ\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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\"Sialis\"<\/a>
Sialis (M\u00e9galopt\u00e8re)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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voir l’image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e<\/a><\/p>\n

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D’une envergure pouvant atteindre 18\u00a0cm, ces Insectes poss\u00e8dent un corps mou, de coloration g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement brune ou verte.<\/p>\n

La t\u00eate ant\u00e9rieure porte de longues et fines antennes et des yeux compos\u00e9s de grande taille ainsi que parfois des ocelles.
\nEn association avec la bouche, les pi\u00e8ces buccales sont de type broyeur.<\/p>\n

En arri\u00e8re, le thorax est constitu\u00e9 d\u2019un prothorax quadrangulaire semblant fusionn\u00e9 avec la t\u00eate.
\nIl poss\u00e8de deux paires d\u2019ailes membraneuses semblables, parcourues d’un r\u00e9seau de fines nervures. Au repos, elles sont plac\u00e9es en toit au-dessus du corps.<\/p>\n

L’abdomen, post\u00e9rieur, est d\u00e9pourvu de caract\u00e8res notables.<\/p>\n

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Cycle de vie<\/h2>\n

La dur\u00e9e de vie des M\u00e9galopt\u00e8res varie de un \u00e0 cinq ans selon les esp\u00e8ces, l’adulte vivant en moyenne une semaine.<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s l’accouplement, la femelle d\u00e9pose ses \u0153ufs au bord de l’eau par groupes de deux cents au moins.<\/p>\n

Au terme du d\u00e9veloppement embryonnaire, l’\u00e9closion lib\u00e8re des larves qui rampent vers l’eau.
\nAllong\u00e9es et peu aplaties, elles poss\u00e8dent trois paires de pattes bien d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es.
\nLeur abdomen porte sept paires de branchies plumeuses et des expansions terminales.
\nElles poss\u00e8dent des pi\u00e8ces buccales broyeuses et un r\u00e9gime alimentaire carn\u00e9 compos\u00e9 de proies vivantes et de cadavres.<\/p>\n

Le d\u00e9veloppement post-embryonnaire est constitu\u00e9 de dix \u00e0 douze stades larvaires s\u00e9par\u00e9s par des mues larvaires auxquels succ\u00e8de un stade nymphal issu d\u2019une mue larvo-nymphale se d\u00e9roulant dans le sol.<\/p>\n

L’imago \u00e9merge \u00e0 la faveur de la mue nympho-imaginale marquant la fin du d\u00e9veloppement post-embryonnaire.<\/p>\n

En raison de la pr\u00e9sence d’une phase larvaire et d’une m\u00e9tamorphose dans le cycle de vie, les M\u00e9galopt\u00e8res sont des Insectes holom\u00e9taboles.
\nLe d\u00e9veloppement des ailes sous forme d’\u00e9bauches internes au cours de la p\u00e9riode larvaire est caract\u00e9ristique des Insectes endopt\u00e9rygotes.<\/p>\n

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\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  \u00c9tymologiquement, le terme M\u00e9galopt\u00e8re d\u00e9rive de \u00ab\u00a0megalo\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0de grande taille\u00a0\u00bb et de \u00ab\u00a0pteron\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0aile\u00a0\u00bb. Il fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au d\u00e9veloppement des ailes dans le groupe.   Le taxon des M\u00e9galopt\u00e8res compte environ 300 esp\u00e8ces. Ce sont des Insectes volant \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des cours d’eau, mais s’alimentant peu voire pas au stade adulte.   […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":5386,"menu_order":12,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5187","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t