{"id":5187,"date":"2013-08-17T18:28:28","date_gmt":"2013-08-17T16:28:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?page_id=5187"},"modified":"2021-05-09T11:08:49","modified_gmt":"2021-05-09T09:08:49","slug":"megalopteres","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/cabinet-de-curiosites-virtuel\/de-lidentification-des-animaux\/quel-insecte\/megalopteres","title":{"rendered":"Les M\u00e9galopt\u00e8res"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p><em>\u00c9tymologiquement, le terme M\u00e9galopt\u00e8re d\u00e9rive de \u00ab\u00a0megalo\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0de grande taille\u00a0\u00bb et de \u00ab\u00a0pteron\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0aile\u00a0\u00bb. Il fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au d\u00e9veloppement des ailes dans le groupe.<\/em><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Le taxon des M\u00e9galopt\u00e8res compte environ 300 esp\u00e8ces.<\/p>\n<p>Ce sont des Insectes volant \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des cours d&rsquo;eau, mais s&rsquo;alimentant peu voire pas au stade adulte.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<h2>Caract\u00e9ristiques morphologiques<\/h2>\n<p>Le Sialis est un M\u00e9galopt\u00e8re fr\u00e9quemment observ\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a rel=\"lightbox noopener\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/ordres_insectes\/Sialis_sp01_11bis-WEB.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" \" title=\"Sialis (M\u00e9galopt\u00e8re)\" src=\"\/documents\/images\/ordres_insectes\/Sialis_sp01_11bis-WEB.jpg\" alt=\"Sialis\" width=\"300\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sialis (M\u00e9galopt\u00e8re)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a rel=\"lightbox noopener\" href=\"\/documents\/images\/ordres_insectes\/Sialis_sp01_11bis_legende-WEB.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">voir l&rsquo;image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e<\/a><\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>D&rsquo;une envergure pouvant atteindre 18\u00a0cm, ces Insectes poss\u00e8dent un corps mou, de coloration g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement brune ou verte.<\/p>\n<p>La t\u00eate ant\u00e9rieure porte de longues et fines antennes et des yeux compos\u00e9s de grande taille ainsi que parfois des ocelles.<br \/>\nEn association avec la bouche, les pi\u00e8ces buccales sont de type broyeur.<\/p>\n<p>En arri\u00e8re, le thorax est constitu\u00e9 d\u2019un prothorax quadrangulaire semblant fusionn\u00e9 avec la t\u00eate.<br \/>\nIl poss\u00e8de deux paires d\u2019ailes membraneuses semblables, parcourues d&rsquo;un r\u00e9seau de fines nervures. Au repos, elles sont plac\u00e9es en toit au-dessus du corps.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;abdomen, post\u00e9rieur, est d\u00e9pourvu de caract\u00e8res notables.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<h2>Cycle de vie<\/h2>\n<p>La dur\u00e9e de vie des M\u00e9galopt\u00e8res varie de un \u00e0 cinq ans selon les esp\u00e8ces, l&rsquo;adulte vivant en moyenne une semaine.<\/p>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;accouplement, la femelle d\u00e9pose ses \u0153ufs au bord de l&rsquo;eau par groupes de deux cents au moins.<\/p>\n<p>Au terme du d\u00e9veloppement embryonnaire, l&rsquo;\u00e9closion lib\u00e8re des larves qui rampent vers l&rsquo;eau.<br \/>\nAllong\u00e9es et peu aplaties, elles poss\u00e8dent trois paires de pattes bien d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es.<br \/>\nLeur abdomen porte sept paires de branchies plumeuses et des expansions terminales.<br \/>\nElles poss\u00e8dent des pi\u00e8ces buccales broyeuses et un r\u00e9gime alimentaire carn\u00e9 compos\u00e9 de proies vivantes et de cadavres.<\/p>\n<p>Le d\u00e9veloppement post-embryonnaire est constitu\u00e9 de dix \u00e0 douze stades larvaires  s\u00e9par\u00e9s par des mues larvaires auxquels succ\u00e8de un stade nymphal issu d\u2019une mue larvo-nymphale se d\u00e9roulant dans le sol.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;imago \u00e9merge \u00e0 la faveur de la mue nympho-imaginale marquant la fin du d\u00e9veloppement post-embryonnaire.<\/p>\n<p>En raison de la pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;une phase larvaire et d&rsquo;une m\u00e9tamorphose dans le cycle de vie, les M\u00e9galopt\u00e8res sont des Insectes holom\u00e9taboles.<br \/>\nLe d\u00e9veloppement des ailes sous forme d&rsquo;\u00e9bauches internes au cours de la p\u00e9riode larvaire est caract\u00e9ristique des Insectes endopt\u00e9rygotes.<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp; <\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u00c9tymologiquement, le terme M\u00e9galopt\u00e8re d\u00e9rive de \u00ab\u00a0megalo\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0de grande taille\u00a0\u00bb et de \u00ab\u00a0pteron\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0aile\u00a0\u00bb. Il fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au d\u00e9veloppement des ailes dans le groupe. &nbsp; Le taxon des M\u00e9galopt\u00e8res compte environ 300 esp\u00e8ces. Ce sont des Insectes volant \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des cours d&rsquo;eau, mais s&rsquo;alimentant peu voire pas au stade adulte. &nbsp; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":5386,"menu_order":12,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5187","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5187"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5187\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13672,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5187\/revisions\/13672"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5386"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}