{"id":5183,"date":"2013-08-17T18:31:34","date_gmt":"2013-08-17T16:31:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/?page_id=5183"},"modified":"2013-08-18T17:47:22","modified_gmt":"2013-08-18T15:47:22","slug":"mecopteres","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/codexvirtualis.fr\/codex\/cabinet-de-curiosites-virtuel\/de-lidentification-des-animaux\/quel-insecte\/mecopteres","title":{"rendered":"Les M\u00e9copt\u00e8res"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u00c9tymologiquement, le terme M\u00e9copt\u00e8re d\u00e9rive de \u00ab\u00a0mekos\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0longueur\u00a0\u00bb et de \u00ab\u00a0pteron\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0aile\u00a0\u00bb. Il fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la forme longue et \u00e9troite des ailes que poss\u00e8dent les repr\u00e9sentants du groupe.<\/em><\/p>\n

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Le taxon des M\u00e9copt\u00e8res compte environ 400 esp\u00e8ces.<\/p>\n

Ces Insectes \u00e9voluent dans les lieux ombrag\u00e9s, se d\u00e9pla\u00e7ant sur les v\u00e9g\u00e9taux.
\nIls poss\u00e8dent un r\u00e9gime alimentaire carn\u00e9 (compos\u00e9 principalement de charognes) mais ils consomment \u00e9galement des fruits m\u00fbrs.<\/p>\n

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Caract\u00e9ristiques morphologiques<\/h2>\n

Les Panorpes, aussi appel\u00e9es Mouches scorpions, sont des repr\u00e9sentants du groupe des M\u00e9copt\u00e8res assez courants.<\/p>\n

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\"Mouche<\/a>
Mouche scorpion (femelle \u2013 M\u00e9copt\u00e8re)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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voir l’image l\u00e9gend\u00e9e<\/a><\/p>\n

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D’une longueur variant de 2 \u00e0 25\u00a0mm, le corps est de couleur jaun\u00e2tre \u00e0 brun\u00e2tre.<\/p>\n

La t\u00eate, ant\u00e9rieure, pr\u00e9sente deux yeux compos\u00e9s bien d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s, et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement trois ocelles.
\nElle est prolong\u00e9e vers le bas par un rostre qui porte \u00e0 son extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 les mandibules.<\/p>\n

Le thorax qui lui fait suite poss\u00e8de g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement deux paires d\u2019ailes semblables, longues et \u00e9troites, plus ou moins marbr\u00e9es de noir, \u00e0 nervation compl\u00e8te. D’un m\u00eame c\u00f4t\u00e9, ailes ant\u00e9rieure et post\u00e9rieure sont coupl\u00e9es par un syst\u00e8me simple, form\u00e9 de lobes de l\u2019aile ant\u00e9rieure et de soies de l\u2019aile post\u00e9rieure.<\/p>\n

L’abdomen post\u00e9rieur est termin\u00e9 par deux cerques tr\u00e8s petits.
\nChez le m\u00e2le, le dernier segment est renfl\u00e9 et relev\u00e9\u00a0; il est \u00e0 l’origine du nom vernaculaire de Mouche scorpion.
\nChez la femelle, l’extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 abdominale est effil\u00e9e et porte parfois un ovipositeur bien d\u00e9velopp\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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Cycle de vie<\/h2>\n

Apr\u00e8s l’accouplement, la femelle d\u00e9pose ses \u0153ufs dans le sol.<\/p>\n

Au terme du d\u00e9veloppement embryonnaire, l’\u00e9closion lib\u00e8re une larve poss\u00e9dant trois paires de pattes thoraciques et huit paires de fausses pattes abdominales.
\nFouisseuse, elle vit dans le sol ou la liti\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

Le d\u00e9veloppement post-embryonnaire est compos\u00e9 d\u2019une succession de stades larvaires s\u00e9par\u00e9s par des mues larvaires, puis d’un stade nymphal libre issu d\u2019une mue larvo-nymphale se d\u00e9roulant dans une cavit\u00e9 du sol.<\/p>\n

L’imago \u00e9merge \u00e0 la faveur d’une mue nympho-imaginale qui se produit apr\u00e8s que la nymphe soit remont\u00e9e \u00e0 la surface du sol.<\/p>\n

En raison de la pr\u00e9sence, dans le cycle de vie, d’une phase larvaire et d’une m\u00e9tamorphose intervenant lors de p\u00e9riode nymphale, les M\u00e9copt\u00e8res sont qualifi\u00e9s d’Insectes holom\u00e9taboles.
\nLe d\u00e9veloppement des ailes sous forme d’\u00e9bauches internes est en outre caract\u00e9ristique des Insectes endopt\u00e9rygotes.<\/p>\n

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\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  \u00c9tymologiquement, le terme M\u00e9copt\u00e8re d\u00e9rive de \u00ab\u00a0mekos\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0longueur\u00a0\u00bb et de \u00ab\u00a0pteron\u00a0\u00bb signifiant \u00ab\u00a0aile\u00a0\u00bb. Il fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la forme longue et \u00e9troite des ailes que poss\u00e8dent les repr\u00e9sentants du groupe.   Le taxon des M\u00e9copt\u00e8res compte environ 400 esp\u00e8ces. Ces Insectes \u00e9voluent dans les lieux ombrag\u00e9s, se d\u00e9pla\u00e7ant sur les v\u00e9g\u00e9taux. Ils poss\u00e8dent […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":5386,"menu_order":16,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5183","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t